Remove gigatons of CO2 from the atmosphere and oceans durably and affordably

MMeeting global climate targets requires pulling billions of tons of carbon dioxide out of the air and oceans every year by 2050, far beyond what nature does on its own. Existing carbon removal methods are too expensive, too small in scale, or do not store carbon durably enough. The challenge is to demonstrate solutions that capture and sequester CO2 permanently and at a cost the world can actually afford.